LEARN COMPLETE PYTHON IN 24 HOURS

1. Python Intermediate Recap & Advanced Setup

Before diving into advanced Python, let’s quickly refresh the core concepts and set up a professional development environment (2026 standard).

1.1 Quick Review: Lists, Dicts, Functions, Modules

Lists (mutable, ordered)

Python

fruits = ["apple", "banana", "mango"] fruits.append("kiwi") # add fruits[1] = "cherry" # update print(fruits[::2]) # ['apple', 'mango']

Dictionaries (mutable, key-value)

Python

person = {"name": "Anshuman", "age": 25, "city": "Muzaffarpur"} person["skills"] = ["Python", "FastAPI"] print(person.get("phone", "Not found")) # Not found for k, v in person.items(): print(f"{k}: {v}")

Functions (with args, *kwargs, defaults, return)

Python

def greet(name="Guest", hobbies, *extra): msg = f"Hello {name}!" if hobbies: msg += f" Hobbies: {', '.join(hobbies)}" if extra: msg += f" | {extra}" return msg print(greet("Rahul", "coding", "cricket", city="Patna")) # Hello Rahul! Hobbies: coding, cricket | {'city': 'Patna'}

Modules (import styles)

Python

import math as m from datetime import datetime from random import randint, choice print(m.sqrt(16)) # 4.0 print(datetime.now().strftime("%d-%b-%Y")) # 05-Mar-2026 print(randint(1, 100))

Quick self-check question: What’s the difference between list.append() and list.extend()? (Answer: append adds one item, extend adds multiple from iterable)

1.2 Virtual Environments & pip (venv, requirements.txt)

Never install packages globally — always use virtual environments.

Create & activate venv (2026 best way):

Bash

# Create python -m venv venv # Windows venv\Scripts\activate # Mac/Linux source venv/bin/activate # You’ll see (venv) in terminal

Install packages

Bash

pip install requests pandas fastapi uvicorn

Create requirements.txt

Bash

pip freeze > requirements.txt

Install from requirements.txt (on new machine / sharing project)

Bash

pip install -r requirements.txt

Deactivate

Bash

deactivate

Pro Tip: Add venv/ to .gitignore so it’s not pushed to GitHub.

1.3 Code Formatting & Linting (Black, Flake8, isort)

Write beautiful, consistent code automatically.

Install the most popular tools (2026 standard stack):

Bash

pip install black flake8 isort mypy

Recommended VS Code settings (add to settings.json):

JSON

{ "editor.formatOnSave": true, "python.formatting.provider": "black", "isort.args": ["--profile", "black"], "python.linting.flake8Enabled": true, "python.linting.mypyEnabled": true }

Common commands

Bash

# Format all files black . # Sort imports isort . # Check style violations flake8 . # Fix auto-fixable issues (isort + black) isort . && black .

Before vs After (Black + isort)

Python

# Before def my_function(a,b,c=10,*args,**kwargs):pass # After def my_function(a, b, c=10, args, *kwargs): pass

1.4 Type Hints & Static Typing (typing module, mypy)

Add types to make code self-documenting and catch bugs early.

Basic type hints

Python

def add(a: int, b: int) -> int: return a + b def greet(name: str = "Guest") -> str: return f"Hello, {name}!" scores: list[int] = [85, 92, 78] person: dict[str, str | int] = {"name": "Anshuman", "age": 25}

Advanced hints (Python 3.9+)

Python

from typing import List, Dict, Optional, Union, Any def process_data(data: List[Dict[str, Union[int, str]]]) -> Optional[float]: # ... return None

Using mypy (static type checker)

Bash

mypy your_script.py # Or check whole project mypy .

Install mypy

Bash

pip install mypy

Benefits:

• VS Code shows errors instantly

• Reduces runtime bugs

• Makes large projects maintainable

1.5 Debugging Techniques (pdb, logging, VS Code debugger)

1. print() debugging (quick but limited)

2. logging module (production standard)

Python

import logging logging.basicConfig( level=logging.DEBUG, format="%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s", filename="app.log" ) logging.debug("This is debug") logging.info("User logged in: Anshuman") logging.warning("Low disk space") logging.error("Failed to connect to API")

3. pdb – Built-in debugger

Python

import pdb def divide(x, y): pdb.set_trace() # breakpoint return x / y divide(10, 0)

Common pdb commands:

• n (next line)

• s (step into function)

• c (continue)

• p variable (print value)

• q (quit)

4. VS Code Debugger (most recommended in 2026)

1. Open your .py file

2. Click left sidebar → Run & Debug icon

3. Click "create a launch.json file" → Python

4. Set breakpoints (click left of line number)

5. Press F5 or green play button

You can:

• Step over/into/out

• Watch variables

• See call stack

• Debug async code too

Mini Setup Checklist (run once per project):

python -m venv venv source venv/bin/activate # or venv\Scripts\activate on Windows pip install black flake8 isort mypy requests pandas fastapi uvicorn

This completes the full Python Intermediate Recap & Advanced Setup section — now you're ready for real advanced topics!

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